What is Elixir?
Elixir is a modern, functional, concurrent programming language built on top of the Erlang virtual machine (BEAM). It was designed by José Valim and first released in 2011.
Some key features and advantages of Elixir include:
- Functional, immutable data structures. Elixir emphasizes functional programming with immutable data, meaning data cannot be changed once created. This helps prevent unexpected side effects and makes parallel code easier to reason about.
- Excellent concurrency and parallelism. Elixir leverages the actor model provided by Erlang to achieve massive concurrency. Code runs seamlessly across all available CPU cores.
- Fault tolerance and scalability. By running on the battle-tested Erlang VM, Elixir inherits rock-solid fault tolerance and scalability capable of running low-latency, distributed applications with high uptime.
- Modern, Ruby-like syntax. Elixir uses a clean, modern syntax that is easy to read and write, with many similarities to Ruby.
- Excellent tooling. Elixir provides build tooling, dependency management, test runners, previewing capabilities and more out of the box via the included Mix build tool.
- Productive and extensible. Elixir is highly extensible, with meta programming capabilities that enable massive reductions in boilerplate code compared to other languages.
Well-suited industries and use cases for Elixir include web applications, real-time applications, distributed systems, critical systems that require high uptime, and more. Some famous companies using Elixir in production include Pinterest, Moz, Bleacher Report and The Farmer's Dog.