Ragel

Ragel

Ragel is a state machine compiler that lets developers write state machines using a compact syntax. It can then generate C or C++ code to execute the state machines efficiently at runtime.
Ragel screenshot

Ragel: Compact State Machine Compiler

Write state machines with ease and generate efficient C/C++ code for runtime execution

What is Ragel?

Ragel (Rosetta Automated Generator of Embedded Languages) is an open-source computer software for the creation of parsers, lexers, pattern matchers and other programs that process structured input data. It uses a state machine to recognize regular languages, similar to lexical analyzers and parsers generated by other parser generators.

Some key features of Ragel include:

  • The language used to write state machines is compact and readable due to the use of regular expression syntax.
  • It generates deterministic finite automatons (DFA) rather than nondeterministic ones.
  • The generated state machines run directly on the input stream without extra buffering which makes them fast.
  • It can emit code in multiple languages including C, C++, Objective-C, D, Java and Ruby.
  • The generated code is reentrant and thread-safe by default.
  • Ragel can generate Visual Studio solution and project files for C++ code.

Ragel makes it easy to embed state machine based parsers, tokenizers and other programs into host applications. The state machines perform quickly as they run directly on the input stream without extra buffering. Ragel is useful for recognizing patterns, lexing program code, machine processing, data conversion and validation, protocol state machines and more.

Ragel Features

Features

  1. Compiles state machines defined using a DSL to C/C++ code
  2. Supports finite state machines, lexical analyzers, pattern matchers
  3. Performs optimizations like state collapsing and table compression
  4. Integrates with common build systems like Make, Autoconf, etc.

Pricing

  • Open Source

Pros

Clean and compact DSL for defining state machines

Fast execution of generated state machines at runtime

Good for tasks like lexing, parsing, protocol handling

Actively maintained and open source

Cons

Limited to C/C++ code generation

DSL has a learning curve

Not as full-featured as parser generators like ANTLR

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